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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, TSH, or hTSH for human TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. It is a glycoprotein hormone synthesized and secreted by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid.

A low TSH level means that your thyroid gland may be over active (hyperthyroidism). Hyperthyroidism may be due to Graves disease, thyroiditis or thyroid cancer.

A high TSH level may be due to hypothyroidism (an under active thyroid gland) which is symptomatic of many different causes and requires further investigation.